Banana bunchy top virus bbtv dna component 1 from isolates from 10 different countries was cloned and sequenced and the sequences were aligned and compared. If you have seen banana bunchy top within the southern banana biosecurity zone pdf, 420kb, contact the banana bunchy top hotline on 1800 068 371. Banana plants that show symptoms rarely bear fruit, and because they are reservoirs of the virus, they must be destroyed. French document, new improved methods have been developed to detect plant viruses like. Bbtv, cmv and other viruses affecting banana in asia and the pacific. Although unequivocal evidence by reproduction of the disease through inoculation of purified virions or cloned genomic components is lacking, definitive association of bbtv with bunchy top disease was demonstrated by insect vectormediated transmission of bbtv from an. Abtv has many similarities to banana bunchy top virus bbtv but is both genetically and serologically distinct in that it lacks two open reading frames found in bbtvs genome. Banana and plantain are also known to be susceptible to five other viruses of minor significance, such as abaca mosaic virus, abaca bunchy top virus, banana mild mosaic virus, banana virus x, and cucumber mosaic virus. Obtain a better understanding of the banana aphids biology and ecology 2. Bunchy top the banana knowledge platform of the promusa. The name refers to the bunchy top leaves of a banana plant, which is a clear and characteristic symptom of banana plants being affected with the virus.
Bbtd is caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, a singlestranded dna ssdna virus genus babuvirus. The global distribution of banana bunchy top virus reveals. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the family nanoviridae. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is recognized as causing the most serious virus disease of bananas worldwide, resulting in complete yield loss in infected plants. The aphid can retain the virus through its adult life, for a period of 1520 days. Alternative hosts of banana aphid pentalonia nigronervosa. Evidence for a viral agent a virus, bbtv, is the causal agent of bunchy top disease of banana. Six dna components of banana bunchy top virus bbtv were amplified by polymerase chain reaction pcr using total dna from banana tissues having the typical bbtv symptoms as template. Bbtv causes bunchy top disease of banana and plantain. Bioinformatics analysis of the interaction between coat. I mean, if one disease can spread to 5 species, can the canna virus spread to banana plants. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components including ninetyfour full genomes.
Bunchy top disease of banana caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, genus babuvirus family nanoviridae is one of the most important constraints in production of banana in the different parts of the world. Six genomic dna components of bbtv isolate from kandy, sri lanka bbtvk were amplified by polymerase chain reaction pcr with specific primers using total dna extracted from. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv causes one of the most devastating diseases. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a plant pathogenic virus of the family nanoviridae that is known to infect banana plants. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv was successfully purified by a procedure which included pulverizing diseased tissues frozen in liquid nitrogen, clarification of the extract with chloroformbutanol. The plant is tall, tropical and treelike with a sturdy main pseudostem not a true stem as it is made of rolled leaf bases with the leaves arranged spirally at the top. It is present across all of south asia and the pacific and is currently spreading in southern africa. Towards understanding the evolution of banana bunchy top.
Although the disease was first reported in the late 1880s, the virus itself, which was originally classified as a luteovirus, was isolated in the late 1980s and reassigned to the nanoviridae family in the genus babuvirus. Organic approach llc plant physiology 101 blog post. A novel alphasatellite associated with banana bunchy top virus. Occurrence and distribution of banana bunchy top virus. I know for a fact my cannas dont have bunchy top, but does this also mean the canna viruses that many possess can spread to banana plants. Banana bunchy top disease can be effectively controlled by the eradication of diseased plants and the use of virustested planting material. Two clones showing highest reading in monoclonal elisa were selected viz. Almeida2 1 department of plant and environmental protection sciences, university of hawaii at manoa, honolulu, hi, usa. Url to the pdf file must be on exactly the same domain as the current web page. The disease is caused by b anana bunchy top virus bbtv, which is. Banana bunchy top disease bbt is one of the most serious diseases of banana. The disease is widespread in asia and south pacific regions. Evidence for two groups of banana bunchy top virus.
It3s genome contains at least six circular singlestranded dna molecules with 1. The virus is vectored by the banana aphid pentalonia nigronervosa. Pdf banana plantlet production through tissue culture. Banana bunchy top virus an overview sciencedirect topics. Bbtv is transmitted by the black banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa, and in infected planting. The sequence analysis indicated that the six fragments 1104 nt, 1067 nt, 1059 nt, 1045 nt, 1014 nt and 1081 nt were all fulllength components of bbtv. Interference with replication by theresa tsunhui tsao bachelor of applied science honours a thesis submitted for the degree of doctor of philosophy in the centre for tropical crops and biocommodities, queensland university of technology, australia. Studies over the past 100 years have contributed to important knowledge on disease biology, distribution, and spread. Before destruction, diseased plants should first be sprayed with power kerosene or insecticide to kill all viruliferous aphids. The disease, referred to as banana bunchy top disease bbtd, gets its name from the bunchy appearance of infected plants. Molecular characterization of banana bunchy top virus. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded dna virus 1820 nm in diameter that causes bunchy top in bananas.
Banana bunchy top disease in hawaii ctahr university of hawaii. This document supplements the information in pd12 banana bunchy top virus, which is available. Banana bunchy top virus detection characterization management elisa dotblot pcr realtime pcr. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv, genus babuvirus, family. Development of immunodiagnostic kit for the detection of banana bunchy top virus bbtv abstract. Banana bunchy top virus the banana knowledge platform of. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a threat to hawaii bananas. Bbtv can spread from one plantation to the next by means of infected planting material, and between plants with the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa. Pdf banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. Detailed signs and symptoms photographrich supplement to pd12 and crop knowledge master pdf 1.
Banana bunchy top virus and the bunchy top disease. The control order is called the biosecurity banana bunchy top virus control order 2017 pdf, 299. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf. It was first identified in fiji in 1879, and has spread around the world since then.
Banana bunchy top virus department of primary industries. The most damaging disease of bananas in the mariana islands at this time is banana bunchy top, which is caused by a virus. In indonesia, it was first reported in 1979 in the regency of bandung in west java, and now becoming widespread in several growing areas. Like many viruses, bbtv was named after the symptoms seen, where the infected plants are stunted and have bunchy leaves at the top. The purpose of this article is to enhance ones ability to recognize bunchy top and the aphid vector. Effect of banana bunchy top virus infection on morphology. Abaca bunchy top virus abtv is a pathogenic plant virus of the family nanoviridae. The banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a virus that causes banana bunchy top disease in banana plants. It is widespread in most of southeast asia, the philippines, taiwan, most of the. Viral capsid has multicomponent singlestranded dna genomes encapsidated. By that time, however, the virus has most likely been spread to other plants by the banana aphid, pentalonia nigronervosa.
Banana bunchy top virus bbtv was used as an antigen to produce single chain fragment variable scfv antibody using phage display technology. Bbtv is diagnosed by identifying symptoms of diseased plants or by submitting a banana leaf sample to test for the banana bunchy top virus. The disease is causing severe damage in malawi and dr congo while it has only recently. Banana bunchy top virus is a devastating pathogen that affects banana plants. The control zone incorporates the local government areas of ballina, byron bay, lismore and tweed on the north coast figure 4. Also, it is one of the major constraints in the distribution of planting material 5 811.
The bbtvinduced banana bunchy top disease bbtd can cause significant economic losses in banana industry 4. Bbtv is a multipartite virus composed of 6 circular singlestranded dna. Pdf banana bunchy top virus bbtv is a circular singlestranded ss plant dna virus and the type member of the genus babuvirus in the. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv belongs to the genus babuvirus within the family nanoviridae 1 2. The cooperative extension service 1997 states that, \banana bunchy top virus is spread by the banana aphid, which acquires the virus after at least four but usually about 18 hours of feeding on an infected plant. Incidence of banana bunchy top disease in west java. Characteristic symptoms of bbtd are severe stunting of the plant. Once established, it is extremely difficult to eradicate or manage. Index termsbanana bunchy top virus, pentalonia nigronervosa, alternative host. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, a virus of nanoviridae family, genus. We analyzed 171 banana leaf samples from fourteen countries and recovered, cloned, and sequenced 855 complete bbtv components. The fruit, especially banana, has become part of daily diet of people from all over the world.
Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is one of the most serious diseases of banana. Banana bunchy top virus prevention and cbntrol cnas research. Bunchy top virus is one of the most important diseases of bananas. A number of diseases are associated with bananas, including banana bunchy top disease bbtd and banana streak disease bsd, both caused by dna viruses. Under queensland legislation if you suspect the presence of banana bunchy top, you must report it.
The disease, often called bbtd for banana bunchy top disease, gets its name from the bunchy appearance of infected plants. Pdf movement and transmission of banana bunchy top virus dna. Notice the stunted plants and the colour of the leaves, which are pale yellow at the margins. Study the patterns of banana bunchy top virus spread in commercial fields 3. Infected plants cannot recover and will serve as a source of viral. Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance john hu.
Cloning and sequencing of dna components of banana bunchy. Bbtv is a serious threat to hawaiis banana industry and to the productivity of banana plantings in home gardens. Aphididae, is a major pest of cultivated bananas musa spp. Banana diseases and pests, description, uses, propagation. Banana bunchy top virus prevention and cbntrol george wall western pacific tropical research center the most damaging disease of bananas in the mariana islands at this time is banana bunchy top, which is caused by a virus. Determine disease parameters that are important to the development of virus management practices team members harvest banana bunches and look for plants infected with banana bunchy top virus. If so, ill destroy all of my cannas in a heartbeat. Index terms banana bunchy top virus, pentalonia nigronervosa, alternative host. Development of transgenic bananas for bbtv resistance. Banana bunchy top is a viral disease caused by a singlestranded dna virus called the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. Banana bunchy top virus maui invasive species committee. The banana plant, musa paradisiaca, is the worlds largest herbaceous perennial plant and belongs to the family musaceae.
Once a plant becomes infected by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv it cannot be cured. Its integral genome consists of at least six circular ssdna genome components and is associated with all geographical isolates of bbtv. Pdf the systemic movement and replication of banana bunchy top virus bbtv dna component one were investigated. Here, we generated a highly complete genome assembly of p. College of agricultural technology affiliated to tamil nadu agricultural university, coimbatore3. It covers the nsw banana bunchy top virus control zone. Banana bunchy top disease bbtd is the most economically important virus disease of bananas. Banana bunchy top virus bbtv is the most devastating virus disease of bananas. Bunchy top is a viral disease caused by the banana bunchy top virus bbtv. In africa, the two most important virus diseases are bunchy top, caused by banana bunchy top virus bbtv, and banana streak disease, caused by banana streak virus bsv.
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